From 61f2cec1d1abe936c53eb9f77b8bc748e619ebb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: helloway <simple_hlw@163.com>
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2026 12:40:35 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] feat: configure pytest framework
MIME-Version: 1.0
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1. 配置pytest-asyncio模式
2. 同步pyproject.toml中的pytest配置
3. 验证conftest.py中的所有fixtures
4. 生成pytest配置总结文档
5. 创建backend/tests/test_example.py
6. 创建backend/verify_test_config.py
---
 backend/pyproject.toml        |  37 +++
 backend/pytest.ini            |   4 +
 backend/tests/test_example.py | 593 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 backend/verify_test_config.py | 453 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 1087 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 backend/tests/test_example.py
 create mode 100644 backend/verify_test_config.py

diff --git a/backend/pyproject.toml b/backend/pyproject.toml
index eab1a95..5e24fc8 100644
--- a/backend/pyproject.toml
+++ b/backend/pyproject.toml
@@ -70,11 +70,48 @@ testpaths = ["tests"]
 python_files = ["test_*.py"]
 python_classes = ["Test*"]
 python_functions = ["test_*"]
+# Asyncio configuration
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope = "function"
 addopts = [
     "-v",
+    "-l",
+    "-ra",
     "--strict-markers",
     "--strict-config",
     "--cov=app",
     "--cov-report=term-missing",
     "--cov-report=html",
+    "--cov-branch",
+    "-p no:warnings",
 ]
+markers = [
+    "slow: marks tests as slow (deselect with '-m \"not slow\"')",
+    "integration: marks tests as integration tests",
+    "unit: marks tests as unit tests",
+    "api: marks tests as API endpoint tests",
+    "auth: marks tests related to authentication",
+    "community: marks tests related to communities",
+    "content: marks tests related to content management",
+    "publish: marks tests related to publishing",
+    "analytics: marks tests related to analytics",
+]
+
+[tool.coverage.run]
+source = ["app"]
+omit = [
+    "*/tests/*",
+    "*/migrations/*",
+    "*/__pycache__/*",
+    "*/venv/*",
+    "*/.venv/*",
+]
+
+[tool.coverage.report]
+fail_under = 80
+precision = 2
+show_missing = true
+skip_covered = false
+
+[tool.coverage.html]
+directory = "htmlcov"
diff --git a/backend/pytest.ini b/backend/pytest.ini
index c67a46a..4b3dd31 100644
--- a/backend/pytest.ini
+++ b/backend/pytest.ini
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ python_functions = test_*
 # Test directories
 testpaths = tests
 
+# Asyncio configuration
+asyncio_mode = auto
+asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope = function
+
 # Output options
 addopts =
     # Verbose output
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_example.py b/backend/tests/test_example.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0524ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/tests/test_example.py
@@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
+"""
+测试示例 - 演示如何使用各种 fixtures
+
+这个文件包含了使用 conftest.py 中定义的各种 fixtures 的示例。
+可以作为编写新测试时的参考模板。
+"""
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import User, Community
+from app.models.content import Content
+from app.core.security import verify_password, create_access_token
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 数据库 Fixtures 示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_db_session_example(db_session: Session):
+    """
+    示例：使用 db_session fixture
+
+    db_session 提供一个数据库会话，测试结束后自动回滚所有更改。
+    每个测试函数都有独立的会话，确保测试隔离。
+    """
+    # 在测试数据库中创建新用户
+    new_user = User(
+        username="example_user",
+        email="example@test.com",
+        hashed_password="hashed_password_here",
+        full_name="Example User",
+        is_active=True,
+    )
+    db_session.add(new_user)
+    db_session.commit()
+    db_session.refresh(new_user)
+
+    # 验证用户已创建
+    assert new_user.id is not None
+    assert new_user.username == "example_user"
+
+    # 测试结束后，这个用户会被自动删除（事务回滚）
+
+
+def test_db_session_query_example(db_session: Session):
+    """
+    示例：在 db_session 中查询数据
+
+    由于测试隔离，这个测试看不到上一个测试创建的用户。
+    """
+    # 查询所有用户
+    users = db_session.query(User).all()
+
+    # 由于测试隔离，这里应该是空的（或只有 fixture 创建的用户）
+    # 上一个测试创建的用户已经回滚
+    for user in users:
+        print(f"Found user: {user.username}")
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# FastAPI TestClient Fixture 示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_client_basic_example(client: TestClient):
+    """
+    示例：使用 client fixture 测试 API 端点
+
+    client 是 FastAPI 的 TestClient，自动注入测试数据库会话。
+    """
+    # 测试健康检查端点（不需要认证）
+    response = client.get("/api/health")
+
+    # 验证响应
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert data["status"] == "healthy"
+
+
+def test_client_post_example(client: TestClient):
+    """
+    示例：使用 client 测试 POST 请求
+    """
+    # 发送 POST 请求
+    response = client.post(
+        "/api/some-endpoint",
+        json={"key": "value"},
+    )
+
+    # 根据实际 API 验证响应
+    # assert response.status_code == 200
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 测试数据 Fixtures 示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_test_user_example(test_user: User):
+    """
+    示例：使用 test_user fixture
+
+    test_user 是预先创建的测试用户，无需手动创建。
+    """
+    # 验证测试用户属性
+    assert test_user.username == "testuser"
+    assert test_user.email == "testuser@example.com"
+    assert test_user.is_active is True
+    assert test_user.is_superuser is False
+
+    # 验证密码（原始密码是 "testpass123"）
+    assert verify_password("testpass123", test_user.hashed_password)
+
+
+def test_test_superuser_example(test_superuser: User):
+    """
+    示例：使用 test_superuser fixture
+
+    test_superuser 是预先创建的超级管理员用户。
+    """
+    assert test_superuser.username == "admin"
+    assert test_superuser.is_superuser is True
+
+    # 超级管理员有特殊权限
+    # 可以用于测试需要管理员权限的功能
+
+
+def test_test_community_example(test_community: Community):
+    """
+    示例：使用 test_community fixture
+
+    test_community 是预先创建的测试社区。
+    """
+    assert test_community.name == "Test Community"
+    assert test_community.slug == "test-community"
+    assert test_community.is_active is True
+
+
+def test_combined_fixtures_example(
+    db_session: Session,
+    test_user: User,
+    test_community: Community,
+):
+    """
+    示例：组合使用多个 fixtures
+
+    可以在同一个测试中使用多个 fixtures。
+    """
+    # 使用测试用户和社区创建内容
+    content = Content(
+        title="Example Content",
+        body="This is example content",
+        author_id=test_user.id,
+        community_id=test_community.id,
+    )
+    db_session.add(content)
+    db_session.commit()
+    db_session.refresh(content)
+
+    # 验证内容
+    assert content.id is not None
+    assert content.author_id == test_user.id
+    assert content.community_id == test_community.id
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 认证 Fixtures 示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_user_token_example(user_token: str):
+    """
+    示例：使用 user_token fixture
+
+    user_token 是 test_user 的 JWT token。
+    """
+    # token 是一个字符串
+    assert isinstance(user_token, str)
+    assert len(user_token) > 0
+
+    # 可以手动构造 headers
+    headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {user_token}"}
+    # 然后用于 API 请求
+
+
+def test_auth_headers_example(client: TestClient, auth_headers: dict):
+    """
+    示例：使用 auth_headers fixture 测试需要认证的端点
+
+    auth_headers 包含 Authorization header 和 X-Community-Id header。
+    """
+    # 测试需要认证的端点
+    response = client.get("/api/auth/me", headers=auth_headers)
+
+    # 应该返回当前用户信息
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert data["user"]["username"] == "testuser"
+
+
+def test_superuser_auth_headers_example(
+    client: TestClient,
+    superuser_auth_headers: dict,
+):
+    """
+    示例：使用 superuser_auth_headers 测试管理员端点
+    """
+    # 测试只有超级管理员才能访问的端点
+    response = client.get("/api/auth/users", headers=superuser_auth_headers)
+
+    # 应该成功返回用户列表
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    users = response.json()
+    assert isinstance(users, list)
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 测试隔离示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_isolation_test_1(db_session: Session, test_user: User):
+    """
+    示例：测试隔离 - 第一个测试
+
+    这个测试修改了 test_user，但不会影响其他测试。
+    """
+    # 修改用户全名
+    original_name = test_user.full_name
+    test_user.full_name = "Modified Name"
+    db_session.commit()
+
+    # 在这个测试中，更改是可见的
+    db_session.refresh(test_user)
+    assert test_user.full_name == "Modified Name"
+
+    # 测试结束后会回滚
+
+
+def test_isolation_test_2(test_user: User):
+    """
+    示例：测试隔离 - 第二个测试
+
+    即使上一个测试修改了 test_user，这个测试看到的是原始数据。
+    """
+    # 由于事务回滚，这里看到的是原始值
+    assert test_user.full_name == "Test User"
+    # 不是上一个测试中的 "Modified Name"
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 参数化测试示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "username,email,is_valid",
+    [
+        ("user1", "user1@example.com", True),
+        ("user2", "user2@example.com", True),
+        ("user3", "user3@example.com", True),
+        ("", "invalid@example.com", False),  # 空用户名
+        ("user4", "", False),  # 空邮箱
+    ],
+)
+def test_parametrized_user_creation_example(
+    db_session: Session,
+    username: str,
+    email: str,
+    is_valid: bool,
+):
+    """
+    示例：参数化测试
+
+    使用 @pytest.mark.parametrize 可以用不同参数运行同一个测试。
+    这个测试会运行 5 次，每次使用不同的参数。
+    """
+    if is_valid:
+        # 有效输入应该成功创建用户
+        user = User(
+            username=username,
+            email=email,
+            hashed_password="test_hash",
+            full_name="Test User",
+        )
+        db_session.add(user)
+        db_session.commit()
+        assert user.id is not None
+    else:
+        # 无效输入应该抛出异常
+        with pytest.raises(Exception):
+            user = User(
+                username=username,
+                email=email,
+                hashed_password="test_hash",
+                full_name="Test User",
+            )
+            db_session.add(user)
+            db_session.commit()
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 测试标记示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.unit
+def test_marked_as_unit():
+    """
+    示例：标记为单元测试
+
+    运行方式：pytest -m unit
+    """
+    assert 1 + 1 == 2
+
+
+@pytest.mark.api
+@pytest.mark.auth
+def test_marked_as_api_and_auth(client: TestClient):
+    """
+    示例：多个标记
+
+    运行方式：pytest -m "api and auth"
+    """
+    # 测试 API 认证端点
+    response = client.get("/api/auth/status")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+
+
+@pytest.mark.slow
+def test_marked_as_slow():
+    """
+    示例：标记为慢速测试
+
+    跳过运行：pytest -m "not slow"
+    """
+    import time
+    time.sleep(0.1)  # 模拟慢速操作
+    assert True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+def test_marked_as_integration(
+    client: TestClient,
+    auth_headers: dict,
+    db_session: Session,
+    test_user: User,
+    test_community: Community,
+):
+    """
+    示例：标记为集成测试
+
+    集成测试通常涉及多个组件的交互。
+    运行方式：pytest -m integration
+    """
+    # 1. 创建内容
+    content = Content(
+        title="Integration Test Content",
+        body="Testing integration",
+        author_id=test_user.id,
+        community_id=test_community.id,
+    )
+    db_session.add(content)
+    db_session.commit()
+    db_session.refresh(content)
+
+    # 2. 通过 API 获取内容
+    response = client.get(
+        f"/api/communities/{test_community.id}/content/{content.id}",
+        headers=auth_headers,
+    )
+
+    # 3. 验证完整流程
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert data["title"] == "Integration Test Content"
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 异步测试示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_async_example():
+    """
+    示例：异步测试
+
+    由于配置了 asyncio_mode = auto，可以直接编写异步测试。
+    """
+    # 模拟异步操作
+    async def async_operation():
+        return "result"
+
+    result = await async_operation()
+    assert result == "result"
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 异常测试示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_exception_example():
+    """
+    示例：测试异常
+
+    使用 pytest.raises 验证代码应该抛出特定异常。
+    """
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        raise ValueError("Expected error")
+
+
+def test_exception_with_match_example():
+    """
+    示例：测试异常消息
+
+    可以使用 match 参数验证异常消息。
+    """
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="specific message"):
+        raise ValueError("specific message in the error")
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# Fixture 依赖示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def custom_content(db_session: Session, test_user: User, test_community: Community):
+    """
+    示例：自定义 fixture
+
+    可以创建依赖其他 fixtures 的自定义 fixture。
+    """
+    content = Content(
+        title="Custom Fixture Content",
+        body="Created by custom fixture",
+        author_id=test_user.id,
+        community_id=test_community.id,
+    )
+    db_session.add(content)
+    db_session.commit()
+    db_session.refresh(content)
+    return content
+
+
+def test_custom_fixture_example(custom_content: Content):
+    """
+    示例：使用自定义 fixture
+    """
+    assert custom_content.title == "Custom Fixture Content"
+    assert custom_content.id is not None
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 多社区隔离测试示例
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_community_isolation_example(
+    client: TestClient,
+    auth_headers: dict,
+    another_user_auth_headers: dict,
+    test_community: Community,
+    test_another_community: Community,
+    db_session: Session,
+    test_user: User,
+    test_another_user: User,
+):
+    """
+    示例：测试多社区之间的数据隔离
+
+    确保一个社区的用户无法访问另一个社区的资源。
+    """
+    # test_user 在 test_community 中创建内容
+    content = Content(
+        title="Community 1 Content",
+        body="This belongs to community 1",
+        author_id=test_user.id,
+        community_id=test_community.id,
+    )
+    db_session.add(content)
+    db_session.commit()
+    db_session.refresh(content)
+
+    # test_user 应该能访问自己社区的内容
+    response = client.get(
+        f"/api/communities/{test_community.id}/content/{content.id}",
+        headers=auth_headers,
+    )
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+
+    # test_another_user 不应该能访问其他社区的内容
+    response = client.get(
+        f"/api/communities/{test_community.id}/content/{content.id}",
+        headers=another_user_auth_headers,
+    )
+    # 应该返回 403 或 404（取决于实现）
+    assert response.status_code in [403, 404]
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 实用技巧
+# ==============================================================================
+
+
+def test_debugging_example(test_user: User):
+    """
+    示例：调试技巧
+
+    运行测试时添加 -s 参数可以看到 print 输出：
+    pytest tests/test_example.py::test_debugging_example -s
+    """
+    print(f"\nDebugging: test_user.id = {test_user.id}")
+    print(f"Debugging: test_user.username = {test_user.username}")
+
+    # 在测试中添加 breakpoint() 可以进入调试器
+    # breakpoint()
+
+    assert test_user.username == "testuser"
+
+
+def test_skip_example():
+    """
+    示例：跳过测试
+
+    使用 @pytest.mark.skip 可以跳过测试。
+    """
+    pytest.skip("Skipping this test for demonstration")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(True, reason="Conditional skip")
+def test_conditional_skip_example():
+    """
+    示例：条件跳过
+
+    根据条件决定是否跳过测试。
+    """
+    assert True
+
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# 最佳实践总结
+# ==============================================================================
+
+"""
+测试编写最佳实践：
+
+1. 测试名称应该清晰描述测试内容
+   ✅ test_user_login_with_valid_credentials
+   ❌ test_1
+
+2. 每个测试应该测试一个具体功能
+   ✅ 一个测试验证登录成功
+   ✅ 另一个测试验证登录失败
+   ❌ 一个测试验证登录的所有情况
+
+3. 使用 fixtures 避免重复代码
+   ✅ 使用 test_user fixture
+   ❌ 在每个测试中手动创建用户
+
+4. 确保测试隔离
+   ✅ 使用 db_session 的事务回滚
+   ❌ 在测试之间共享数据库状态
+
+5. 使用适当的断言
+   ✅ assert response.status_code == 200
+   ❌ assert response.status_code  # 不清晰
+
+6. 添加清晰的文档字符串
+   ✅ 说明测试的目的和预期行为
+   ❌ 没有文档或文档不清晰
+
+7. 使用标记分类测试
+   ✅ @pytest.mark.api, @pytest.mark.slow
+   ❌ 所有测试混在一起
+
+8. 参数化相似的测试
+   ✅ 使用 @pytest.mark.parametrize
+   ❌ 复制粘贴相似的测试函数
+
+9. 测试边界条件和异常情况
+   ✅ 测试空输入、超长输入、无效输入
+   ❌ 只测试正常情况
+
+10. 保持测试简洁
+    ✅ 专注于测试逻辑
+    ❌ 过多的设置代码
+"""
diff --git a/backend/verify_test_config.py b/backend/verify_test_config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3365fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/verify_test_config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Pytest 配置验证脚本
+
+运行这个脚本来验证 pytest 测试框架的所有配置是否正确设置。
+
+使用方法：
+    python verify_test_config.py
+
+返回值：
+    0 - 所有检查通过
+    1 - 有检查失败
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import List, Tuple
+import importlib.util
+
+
+# 颜色输出支持
+class Colors:
+    """终端颜色代码"""
+    GREEN = '\033[92m'
+    RED = '\033[91m'
+    YELLOW = '\033[93m'
+    BLUE = '\033[94m'
+    BOLD = '\033[1m'
+    END = '\033[0m'
+
+
+def print_success(message: str):
+    """打印成功消息"""
+    print(f"{Colors.GREEN}✓{Colors.END} {message}")
+
+
+def print_error(message: str):
+    """打印错误消息"""
+    print(f"{Colors.RED}✗{Colors.END} {message}")
+
+
+def print_warning(message: str):
+    """打印警告消息"""
+    print(f"{Colors.YELLOW}⚠{Colors.END} {message}")
+
+
+def print_info(message: str):
+    """打印信息消息"""
+    print(f"{Colors.BLUE}ℹ{Colors.END} {message}")
+
+
+def print_header(message: str):
+    """打印标题"""
+    print(f"\n{Colors.BOLD}{message}{Colors.END}")
+
+
+class TestConfigValidator:
+    """测试配置验证器"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.project_root = Path(__file__).parent
+        self.passed_checks = 0
+        self.failed_checks = 0
+        self.warnings = 0
+
+    def check_file_exists(self, file_path: Path, description: str) -> bool:
+        """检查文件是否存在"""
+        if file_path.exists():
+            print_success(f"{description}: {file_path.name}")
+            self.passed_checks += 1
+            return True
+        else:
+            print_error(f"{description}: {file_path.name} 不存在")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+            return False
+
+    def check_pytest_ini(self) -> bool:
+        """检查 pytest.ini 配置"""
+        print_header("1. 检查 pytest.ini 配置")
+
+        pytest_ini = self.project_root / "pytest.ini"
+        if not self.check_file_exists(pytest_ini, "pytest.ini 文件"):
+            return False
+
+        content = pytest_ini.read_text()
+
+        # 检查必需的配置项
+        checks = [
+            ("testpaths", "测试目录配置"),
+            ("python_files", "测试文件模式"),
+            ("python_classes", "测试类模式"),
+            ("python_functions", "测试函数模式"),
+            ("asyncio_mode", "异步测试模式"),
+            ("asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope", "异步 fixture 作用域"),
+            ("--cov=app", "覆盖率配置"),
+            ("--cov-report=", "覆盖率报告"),
+            ("--cov-branch", "分支覆盖率"),
+            ("fail_under = 80", "最低覆盖率要求 (80%)"),
+        ]
+
+        for config_key, description in checks:
+            if config_key in content:
+                print_success(f"{description}: 已配置")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_error(f"{description}: 未配置")
+                self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_pyproject_toml(self) -> bool:
+        """检查 pyproject.toml 配置"""
+        print_header("2. 检查 pyproject.toml 配置")
+
+        pyproject = self.project_root / "pyproject.toml"
+        if not self.check_file_exists(pyproject, "pyproject.toml 文件"):
+            return False
+
+        content = pyproject.read_text()
+
+        # 检查必需的配置项
+        checks = [
+            ("[tool.pytest.ini_options]", "pytest 配置节"),
+            ("asyncio_mode", "异步测试模式"),
+            ("asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope", "异步 fixture 作用域"),
+            ("[tool.coverage.run]", "覆盖率运行配置"),
+            ("[tool.coverage.report]", "覆盖率报告配置"),
+            ("fail_under = 80", "最低覆盖率要求 (80%)"),
+        ]
+
+        for config_key, description in checks:
+            if config_key in content:
+                print_success(f"{description}: 已配置")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_error(f"{description}: 未配置")
+                self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_dependencies(self) -> bool:
+        """检查测试依赖是否安装"""
+        print_header("3. 检查测试依赖")
+
+        required_packages = [
+            ("pytest", "Pytest 测试框架"),
+            ("pytest_asyncio", "pytest-asyncio 异步测试支持"),
+            ("pytest_cov", "pytest-cov 覆盖率插件"),
+            ("fastapi.testclient", "FastAPI TestClient"),
+            ("sqlalchemy", "SQLAlchemy ORM"),
+        ]
+
+        for package_name, description in required_packages:
+            try:
+                spec = importlib.util.find_spec(package_name)
+                if spec is not None:
+                    print_success(f"{description}: 已安装")
+                    self.passed_checks += 1
+                else:
+                    print_error(f"{description}: 未安装")
+                    self.failed_checks += 1
+            except (ImportError, ModuleNotFoundError):
+                print_error(f"{description}: 未安装")
+                self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_conftest(self) -> bool:
+        """检查 conftest.py 文件和 fixtures"""
+        print_header("4. 检查 conftest.py 和 fixtures")
+
+        conftest = self.project_root / "tests" / "conftest.py"
+        if not self.check_file_exists(conftest, "conftest.py 文件"):
+            return False
+
+        content = conftest.read_text()
+
+        # 检查必需的 fixtures
+        required_fixtures = [
+            ("test_db_file", "临时数据库文件 fixture"),
+            ("test_engine", "数据库引擎 fixture"),
+            ("db_session", "数据库会话 fixture"),
+            ("client", "FastAPI TestClient fixture"),
+            ("test_user", "测试用户 fixture"),
+            ("test_superuser", "超级用户 fixture"),
+            ("test_community", "测试社区 fixture"),
+            ("auth_headers", "认证头 fixture"),
+            ("superuser_auth_headers", "超级用户认证头 fixture"),
+            ("user_token", "用户 token fixture"),
+            ("superuser_token", "超级用户 token fixture"),
+        ]
+
+        for fixture_name, description in required_fixtures:
+            if f"def {fixture_name}" in content:
+                print_success(f"{description}: 已定义")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_error(f"{description}: 未定义")
+                self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_test_directory(self) -> bool:
+        """检查测试目录结构"""
+        print_header("5. 检查测试目录结构")
+
+        tests_dir = self.project_root / "tests"
+        if not tests_dir.exists():
+            print_error("tests 目录不存在")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+            return False
+
+        print_success("tests 目录存在")
+        self.passed_checks += 1
+
+        # 检查测试文件
+        test_files = list(tests_dir.glob("test_*.py"))
+        if test_files:
+            print_success(f"找到 {len(test_files)} 个测试文件")
+            self.passed_checks += 1
+
+            for test_file in test_files[:5]:  # 只显示前 5 个
+                print_info(f"  - {test_file.name}")
+
+            if len(test_files) > 5:
+                print_info(f"  ... 还有 {len(test_files) - 5} 个测试文件")
+        else:
+            print_warning("没有找到测试文件 (test_*.py)")
+            self.warnings += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_pytest_markers(self) -> bool:
+        """检查 pytest 标记配置"""
+        print_header("6. 检查 pytest 标记配置")
+
+        pytest_ini = self.project_root / "pytest.ini"
+        if not pytest_ini.exists():
+            print_error("pytest.ini 不存在，无法检查标记")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+            return False
+
+        content = pytest_ini.read_text()
+
+        # 检查标记定义
+        expected_markers = [
+            "slow",
+            "integration",
+            "unit",
+            "api",
+            "auth",
+            "community",
+            "content",
+            "publish",
+            "analytics",
+        ]
+
+        markers_section = "markers =" in content or "[markers]" in content
+        if not markers_section:
+            print_warning("未找到标记配置节")
+            self.warnings += 1
+            return False
+
+        for marker in expected_markers:
+            if marker in content:
+                print_success(f"标记 '{marker}': 已定义")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_warning(f"标记 '{marker}': 未定义（可选）")
+                self.warnings += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_coverage_config(self) -> bool:
+        """检查覆盖率配置"""
+        print_header("7. 检查覆盖率配置")
+
+        pytest_ini = self.project_root / "pytest.ini"
+        if not pytest_ini.exists():
+            print_error("pytest.ini 不存在")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+            return False
+
+        content = pytest_ini.read_text()
+
+        # 检查覆盖率配置
+        checks = [
+            ("[coverage:run]", "覆盖率运行配置节"),
+            ("source = app", "覆盖率源目录"),
+            ("omit =", "覆盖率排除配置"),
+            ("[coverage:report]", "覆盖率报告配置节"),
+            ("fail_under = 80", "最低覆盖率要求 (80%)"),
+            ("show_missing = True", "显示未覆盖行"),
+            ("[coverage:html]", "HTML 报告配置节"),
+            ("directory = htmlcov", "HTML 报告目录"),
+        ]
+
+        for config_key, description in checks:
+            if config_key in content:
+                print_success(f"{description}: 已配置")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_error(f"{description}: 未配置")
+                self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_asyncio_config(self) -> bool:
+        """检查 pytest-asyncio 配置"""
+        print_header("8. 检查 pytest-asyncio 配置")
+
+        pytest_ini = self.project_root / "pytest.ini"
+        if not pytest_ini.exists():
+            print_error("pytest.ini 不存在")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+            return False
+
+        content = pytest_ini.read_text()
+
+        # 检查 asyncio 配置
+        if "asyncio_mode" in content:
+            if "asyncio_mode = auto" in content:
+                print_success("asyncio_mode: 设置为 auto (推荐)")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_warning("asyncio_mode: 已设置但不是 auto")
+                self.warnings += 1
+        else:
+            print_error("asyncio_mode: 未配置")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        if "asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope" in content:
+            if "asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope = function" in content:
+                print_success("asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope: 设置为 function")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_warning("asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope: 已设置但不是 function")
+                self.warnings += 1
+        else:
+            print_error("asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope: 未配置")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def check_requirements_dev(self) -> bool:
+        """检查 requirements-dev.txt"""
+        print_header("9. 检查 requirements-dev.txt")
+
+        req_dev = self.project_root / "requirements-dev.txt"
+        if not self.check_file_exists(req_dev, "requirements-dev.txt 文件"):
+            return False
+
+        content = req_dev.read_text()
+
+        # 检查必需的依赖
+        required_deps = [
+            ("pytest", "Pytest"),
+            ("pytest-asyncio", "pytest-asyncio"),
+            ("pytest-cov", "pytest-cov"),
+        ]
+
+        for dep_name, description in required_deps:
+            if dep_name in content:
+                print_success(f"{description}: 已列出")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+            else:
+                print_error(f"{description}: 未列出")
+                self.failed_checks += 1
+
+        return True
+
+    def run_simple_test(self) -> bool:
+        """尝试运行一个简单的测试"""
+        print_header("10. 运行简单测试验证")
+
+        try:
+            import subprocess
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                ["python", "-m", "pytest", "--version"],
+                capture_output=True,
+                text=True,
+                timeout=5,
+            )
+
+            if result.returncode == 0:
+                version = result.stdout.strip()
+                print_success(f"pytest 可以正常运行: {version}")
+                self.passed_checks += 1
+                return True
+            else:
+                print_error("pytest 运行失败")
+                self.failed_checks += 1
+                return False
+        except Exception as e:
+            print_error(f"无法运行 pytest: {e}")
+            self.failed_checks += 1
+            return False
+
+    def print_summary(self):
+        """打印总结"""
+        print_header("验证总结")
+
+        total_checks = self.passed_checks + self.failed_checks
+        pass_rate = (self.passed_checks / total_checks * 100) if total_checks > 0 else 0
+
+        print(f"\n通过的检查: {Colors.GREEN}{self.passed_checks}{Colors.END}")
+        print(f"失败的检查: {Colors.RED}{self.failed_checks}{Colors.END}")
+        print(f"警告: {Colors.YELLOW}{self.warnings}{Colors.END}")
+        print(f"通过率: {Colors.BOLD}{pass_rate:.1f}%{Colors.END}\n")
+
+        if self.failed_checks == 0:
+            print(f"{Colors.GREEN}{Colors.BOLD}✓ 所有配置检查通过！{Colors.END}")
+            print(f"\n{Colors.BLUE}可以开始运行测试了：{Colors.END}")
+            print(f"  cd backend")
+            print(f"  pytest")
+            return 0
+        else:
+            print(f"{Colors.RED}{Colors.BOLD}✗ 有 {self.failed_checks} 个配置问题需要解决{Colors.END}")
+            print(f"\n{Colors.BLUE}请检查上述失败的项目并修复配置。{Colors.END}")
+            return 1
+
+    def run_all_checks(self) -> int:
+        """运行所有检查"""
+        print(f"{Colors.BOLD}{'=' * 70}{Colors.END}")
+        print(f"{Colors.BOLD}Pytest 测试配置验证{Colors.END}")
+        print(f"{Colors.BOLD}{'=' * 70}{Colors.END}")
+
+        # 运行所有检查
+        self.check_pytest_ini()
+        self.check_pyproject_toml()
+        self.check_dependencies()
+        self.check_conftest()
+        self.check_test_directory()
+        self.check_pytest_markers()
+        self.check_coverage_config()
+        self.check_asyncio_config()
+        self.check_requirements_dev()
+        self.run_simple_test()
+
+        # 打印总结
+        return self.print_summary()
+
+
+def main():
+    """主函数"""
+    validator = TestConfigValidator()
+    exit_code = validator.run_all_checks()
+    sys.exit(exit_code)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()